@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Lato:ital,wght@0,400;0,900;1,900;1,800&display=swap'); /* reset boostrap css */

a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
}

a:hover {
    color: #0074d4;
    text-decoration: none;
}

button:focus,
*:focus {
    outline: 0;
}

nav ul {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
}

nav li {
    list-style: none;
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

figure img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}


/* styling */

.container-fluid {
    max-width: 1335px;
}

body {
    color: rgba(24, 24, 24, .7);
    font: 12px/17px "Lato", Helvetica, sans-serif;
    position: relative;
    padding-top: 60px;
}

.logo {
    font-size: 0;
    display: inline-block;
}

.logo a {
    display: block;
    width: 190px;
    height: 14px;
    background: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/logo-white.svg) center / contain no-repeat;
}

.pn {
    background-color: #003663;
    color: white;
    font-size: 14px;
    padding-left: 15px;
    padding-right: 15px;
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    z-index: 100;
}

.pn a:hover {
    color: #a6cff7;
}

.pn .logo {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.searchform {
    position: absolute;
    top: 15px;
    left: 55px;
    right: 55px;
}

.searchform form {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: 0.3s;
}

.showSearch .searchform form {
    width: 100%;
}

.searchform input {
    height: 30px;
    border: 0;
}

.searchform input[type="text"] {
    width: 100%;
    background: white;
    font-size: 14px;
    text-indent: 10px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
    -moz-border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
    border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
}

.searchform input[type="submit"] {
    width: 30px;
    background: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/icon_search2_alt.svg) center / 14px no-repeat white;
    -webkit-border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
    -moz-border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
    border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}

.topics {
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #003663;
    padding-top: 9px;
    padding-bottom: 30px;
}

.topics strong {
    color: #c02231;
}

.topics a {
    margin-left: 10px;
}

a.button {
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 15px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #003663;
    background-color: white;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 7px 15px 6px;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

a.button:hover {
    background-color: #a6cff7;
    color: #003663;
}

.icon {
    cursor: pointer;
    width: 32px;
    height: 60px;
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.icon-search {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/icon_search2_alt.svg);
    background-size: 14px;
}

.icon-menu {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/icon_menu.svg);
    background-size: 90px;
    background-position: 10px center;
}

.icon.active {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/icon_close.svg);
    background-size: 24px;
}

.ph {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
    padding-top: 10px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.ph time {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

@media (min-width: 576px) {
    .pn .logo a {
        width: 247px;
        height: 19px;
        top: 20.5px;
    }
    .searchform {
        right: 15px;
    }
    .icon-search {
        order: 1;
    }
    .icon-menu {
        order: 2;
    }
    .icon-menu.text {
        width: 100px;
    }
    .icon-menu.text.active {
        /* position: 4px center; */
    }
    .pn ul {
        order: 3;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
    .pn ul {
        display: flex;
        margin-left:10px;
    }
    .pn li {
        margin-left:8px;
        margin-right:8px;
    }
    .ph {
        position: relative;
        padding: 0;
        height: 90px;
    }
    .ph time {
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    .ph .social {
        margin-bottom: 8px;
    }
    .ph .logo {
        position: absolute;
        bottom: 25px;
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
    }
    .ph .logo a {
        width: 417px;
        height: 33px;
        background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/logo.svg);
    }
}

@media (min-width:1260px) {
    .pn li {
        margin-left:10px;
        margin-right:10px;
    }
    a.button {
        padding-left: 23px;
        padding-right: 23px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 1199px) {
    .pn ul {
        position: fixed;
        top: 60px;
        left: 0;
        width: 290px;
        background-color: white;
        height: calc(100vh - 60px);
        display: block;
        transform: translateX(-100%);
        transition: 0.3s;
        overflow-y: auto;
    }
    .pn ul li {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
    .pn ul li a {
        display: block;
        padding: 15px;
        font-weight: 800;
        font-size: 16px;
        color: #003663;
    }
    .pn ul li a:hover {
        background-color: #0074d4;
        color: white;
    }
    .ph .logo {
        position: fixed;
        top: 23px;
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
        z-index: 100;
    }
    .showMenu .pn ul {
        transform: translateX(0);
        -webkit-box-shadow: 2px 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);
        -moz-box-shadow: 2px 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);
        box-shadow: 2px 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);
    }
    .showSearch .ph .logo {
        visibility: hidden;
        opacity: 0;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 576px) and (max-width:1199px) {
    .ph .logo a {
        width: 247px;
        height: 19px;
        top: 20.5px;
    }
}

@media (max-width:575px) {
    .pn a.button {
        display: none;
    }
}

.pn2 ul {
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 100;
    top: 60px;
    left: 0;
    width: 290px;
    background-color: white;
    height: calc(100vh - 60px);
    display: block;
    transform: translateX(-100%);
    transition: 0.3s;
    overflow-y: auto;
}

.pn2 ul li {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}

.pn2 ul li a {
    display: block;
    padding: 15px;
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 16px;
    color: #003663;
}

.pn2 ul li a:hover {
    background-color: #0074d4;
    color: white;
}

.showMenu .pn2 ul {
    transform: translateX(0);
    -webkit-box-shadow: 2px 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);
    -moz-box-shadow: 2px 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);
    box-shadow: 2px 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);
}

.social {
    display: flex;
    font-size: 0;
}

.social a {
    display: block;
    margin-left: 5px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    position: relative;
    background-color: #003663;
}

.social a:hover {
    background-color: #0074d4;
}

.social a:first-of-type {
    margin-left: 0;
}

.social a::before {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    background-position: center;
    background-size: contain;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.social .facebook::before {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/social_facebook.svg);
}

.social .twitter::before {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/social_twitter.svg);
}

.social .instagram::before {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/social_instagram.svg);
}

.social .linkedin::before {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/social_linkedin.svg);
}

.social .print::before {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/icon_printer.svg);
}

.social .comment::before {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/icon_comment.svg);
}

.social .mail::before {
    background-image: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/icon_mail.svg);
}

.ph .social a {
    width: 22px;
    height: 22px;
}

.ph .social a::before {
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
}

.pf .social a {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    margin-left: 8px;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .2);
}

.pf .social a:first-of-type {
    margin-left: 0;
}

.pf .social a:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .4);
}

.pf .social a::before {
    width: 16px;
    height: 16px;
}

.article-social .social a {
    background-color: #5988b6;
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
}

.article-social .social a::before {
    width: 14px;
    height: 14px;
}

.article-social .social .facebook {
    background-color: #3d5b96;
}

.article-social .social .twitter {
    background-color: #2aa3ef;
}

.article-social .social .linkedin {
    background-color: #0d6797;
}

strong,
b {
    font-weight: 900;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    font-weight: 900;
    color: #003663;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

h1 {
    font-size: 28px;
    line-height: 33px;
}

h2 {
    font-size: 20px;
    line-height: 24.5px;
}

h3 {
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 21px;
}

h4 {
    font-size: 17px;
    line-height: 20px;
}

h5 {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 22px;
}

h6 {
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 20px;
}

.category,
time {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    line-height: 16px;
}

.category {
    color: #0074d4;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

time {
    color: #828384;
}

summary {
    font-family: "Helvetica", sans-serif;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    display:block;
    cursor:initial;
}
summary::marker {}

figure {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.brand {
    color: #003663;
}

.brand2 {
    color: #0074d4;
}

.block-list {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.block {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.article-list .title {
    color: rgba(20, 20, 21, .6);
    font-size: 13px;
    margin-bottom: 7px;
}

.article-list article,
.block-list article {
    border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    padding-top: 10px;
}

.article-list article:first-of-type {
    border-top: 0;
    padding-top: 0;
}

.block-title {
    color: #080808;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

article figure.float-left {
    margin-right: 15px;
}

article figure.float-right {
    margin-left: 15px;
}

article.video-lg figure>a,
article.video figure>a {
    display: block;
    position: relative;
}

article.video figure>a::before {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 36px;
    height: 31px;
    background: url(https://g.sciencetimes.com/www/images/icon_play.svg) center / 12px no-repeat #0074d4;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    right: 0;
}

article.video-lg figure>a::before {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 149px;
    height: 149px;
    background: url(../png/icon_play.png) center / contain no-repeat;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 50%;
    right: 50%;
    transform: translate(50%, 50%);
}

.block article>figure {
    position: relative;
}

.block article>figure .category {
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.block article>figure .category a {
    display: block;
    background-color: #0074d4;
    color: white;
    padding: 8px 10px
}

.bt {
    border-top: 1px solid #999;
    margin-top: 15px;
    padding-top: 15px;
}

.block-list.counter article {
    counter-increment: my-awesome-counter;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 26px;
}

.block-list.counter article::before {
    content: counter(my-awesome-counter);
    font-size: 18px;
    color: #013866;
    position: absolute;
    top: 12px;
    left: 3px;
}

.section-title {
    text-transform: uppercase;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
    padding-top: 44px;
    padding-bottom: 11px;
    margin-bottom: 17px;
}

.breadcrumbs {
    color: #003663;
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 16px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
    padding-top: 35px;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.article-header .byline {
    font-size: 13px;
}

.author {
    color: #0074d4;
    font-weight: 800;
}

.article-header {
    padding-bottom: 40px;
}

.article-header .social {
    padding-top: 12px;
    border-top: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
}

.article-body {
    font-size: 17px;
    line-height: 24px;
    font-family: "Helvetica", sans-serif;
    color: #181818;
}

.article-body a {
    text-decoration: underline;
    color: #005fae;
}

.article-body a:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #1d6eb6;
}

.article-body>h3 {
    color: black;
    font-size: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.article-body>p,
.article-body>ul,
.article-body>ol,
.article-body>div {
    margin-bottom: 24px
}

.article-body .caption {
    display: block;
    font-size: 12.5px;
    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .7);
    padding-top: 8px;
    padding-bottom: 4px;
}

.article-content .related {
    font-weight: bold;
    font-family: "Helvetica", sans-serif;
    color: black;
}

.article-content p.related {
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 18px;
}

.article-content .related ul {
    color: #1d6eb6;
}

.article-content .related li {
    display: inline-block;
}

.article-content .related li:before {
    content: "|";
    margin-left: 6px;
    margin-right: 9px;
}

.article-content .related li:first-child::before {
    content: "";
    margin-left: 0;
}

nav.related {
    padding-top: 35px;
    padding-bottom: 26px;
    font-size: 16px;
}

.article-content .copyright {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
    padding-bottom: 26px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}
/* subscribe */

.subscribe-block {
    background-color: #f0f0f0;
    padding: 18px 15px;
    margin-bottom: 21px;
}
.subscribe-block h3 {
    color: #145fb5;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 14px;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.subscribe-block p {
    font: 9px/14px "Helvetica", sans-serif;
    color: #161515;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.subscribe-block input {
    border-radius: 0;
    border: 0;
    padding: 0;
    width: 100%;
}
.subscribe-block input[type="text"] {
    color: rgba(95, 92, 92, .85);
    font: 9px/10px "Helvetica", sans-serif;
    background-color: white;
    text-indent: 10px;
    height: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.subscribe-block input[type="submit"] {
    background-color: #145fb5;
    color: white;
    font: bold 14px/24px "Helvetica", sans-serif;
    text-align: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    height: 26px;
}
.loadmore {
    border: 1px solid #d6d6d6;
    max-width: 423px;
    margin: 50px auto;
    text-align: center;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #003663;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 16px;
    padding-top: 12px;
    padding-bottom: 9px;
}

.loadmore {
    border: 1px solid #d6d6d6;
    max-width: 423px;
    margin: 50px auto;
    text-align: center;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #003663;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 16px;
    padding-top: 12px;
    padding-bottom: 9px;
}

.loadmore:hover {
    background-color: #003663;
    color: white;
}

.pager {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
}

.pager a {
    width: 38px;
    height: 30px;
    border: 1px solid #d6d6d6;
    margin-right: -1px;
    line-height: 30px;
    text-align: center;
    color: #747378;
}

.pager a:hover {
    background-color: #d6d6d6;
}

.pager a.pager-current {
    background-color: #757575;
    color: white;
    border-color: transparent;
    font-weight: 800;
}

.pager a.pager-prev {
    margin-right: 9px;
}

.pager a.pager-next {
    margin-left: 9px;
}

.pager a.pager-prev,
.pager a.pager-next {
    position: relative;
}

.pager a.pager-prev::before,
.pager a.pager-next::before {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 6px;
    height: 6px;
    position: absolute;
    top: 11px;
    left: 17px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(45deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(45deg);
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.pager a.pager-prev::before {
    border-left: 2px solid #545454;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #545454;
}

.pager a.pager-next::before {
    border-top: 2px solid #545454;
    border-right: 2px solid #545454;
    left: 13px;
}

.page-middle {
    padding-top:30px;
    padding-bottom:35px;
}

@media (min-width: 576px) {
    .b-sm-l {
        border-left: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
    .b-sm-r {
        border-right: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
}

@media (min-width:768px) {
    .b-md-l {
        border-left: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
    .b-md-r {
        border-right: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
    .b-md-none {
        border:0;
    }
}

@media (min-width:992px) {
    .b-lg-l {
        border-left: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
}

@media (min-width:992px) {
    .b-lg-l {
        border-left: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
    .b-lg-r {
        border-right: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }
    .block2 {
        margin-bottom:20px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 991px) {
    .bb-md {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
        padding-bottom: 10px;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
    .block2 .col {
        flex:0 0 33.33%;
    }
}
@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991px) {
    .block2 .col,
    .block1 .col-md-4 {
        margin-bottom:35px;
    }
}
@media (max-width:767px) {
    .bt-sm {
        border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
        padding-top: 10px;
    }
    .bb-sm {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
        padding-bottom: 10px;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
    .mt-sm {
        margin-top: 15px;
    }
    .mb-sm {
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }
    .block1 article {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
        padding-bottom: 10px;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }
    .block2 .col {
        flex:0 0 50%;
    }
}

@media (max-width:575px) {
    .block2 .col {
        flex:0 0 100%;
    }
    .block2 .col article {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
        padding-bottom: 10px;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }
    .block2 .col:last-of-type article {
        border-bottom:0;
        padding-bottom: 10px;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }
}

.pf {
    background-color: #003663;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);
    padding-top: 28px;
    padding-bottom: 28px;
}

.pf a:hover, .pf .footer-about-us button:hover {
    color: white;
}

.pf .footer-about-us button {
    background:none; border:none; cursor:pointer; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);
}

.pf .social,
.pf .logo {
    padding-bottom: 12px;
}

.pf ul {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    padding-top: 8px;
}

.pf li::before {
    content: "|";
    margin-left: 7px;
    margin-right: 7px;
}

.pf li:first-child::before {
    content: none;
}

.pfn-1 {
    color: #a6cff7;
}

.pf .copyright {
    padding-top: 10px;
    padding-bottom: 12px;
}